TXT · Text & Data tools

Base45 Encoder

Input
Output
EncodemodeBatchinput0items0output lines0output charsRFC 9285alphabet

Use this base45 converter to quickly encode text into the QR-friendly RFC 9285 format, or perform a base45 decode to reveal the original UTF-8 text. The tool operates directly in your browser without uploading any data.

Base45 was specifically built around the QR code alphanumeric character set. It is widely used in systems that need to embed binary data into QR codes efficiently, like the EU Digital COVID Certificate.

The RFC 9285 alphabet

The base45 encoder uses the standard 0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ $%*+-./: alphabet. Because it avoids lowercase letters and includes specific punctuation, it works perfectly with QR code alphanumeric mode.

Importantly, the space character is a valid Base45 digit. Be careful when copying or modifying Base45 strings, as removing or changing spaces can completely break the encoded payload.

Line wrapping and formatting

To make long encoded sequences easier to read, you can enable Wrap @ 76. This breaks the encoded output into distinct lines. The base45 decoder ignores these line breaks automatically.

Base45 does not use = padding characters. The final output length is entirely dependent on how the underlying bytes divide into pairs.

Batch conversion and line trimming

If you need to process multiple values, enable Batch by newline. This evaluates every input line separately, making it easy to decode test vectors or encode payload lists.

You can also use Trim lines to strip invisible whitespace from the start or end of each line before conversion. Because spaces are valid Base45 characters, this feature is disabled by default to prevent accidental data corruption.

Frequently Asked Questions

Base45 is a binary-to-text encoding designed for compact, QR-friendly text representation. It became widely known through the EU Digital COVID Certificate format and is useful when data needs to fit efficiently inside QR codes or restricted text systems.

No. Base64 is generally more space-efficient than Base45. Base45 exists mainly because its alphabet works well with QR code alphanumeric mode, which can make QR storage more efficient overall in certain workflows.

The RFC 9285 Base45 alphabet intentionally uses the QR alphanumeric character set, including spaces and symbols like $, %, *, +, -,., /, and :. This helps encoded values work efficiently inside QR codes.

Yes. Enable batch mode to process one item per line. This is useful for test vectors, payload lists, QR experiments, or repeated conversion workflows.

No. Base45 does not use = padding characters. Encoded output length is determined by how bytes are grouped internally.

No. , so your input and output stay entirely on your device.

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